# Windows commands
# ================
# Author: Giovanni Santini
# Mail: giovanni.santini@proton.me
# License: MIT
#
# Quick tip: you can use the new windows terminal on windows
# 10 by installing it from the microsoft store. The windows
# terminal has some multiplexing features built-in which are
# very useful.
#
# To get an up to date powershell, you need to download it
# and install it from the official website -- do not use the
# default powershell because it is really old! -- and then
# configure the terminal to use the new shell.
#
# To install program, you can use `winget` which is a command
# line packet manager, in the style of Linux's packet managers.
#
# Note: to run some of the following commands you need to run
# the shell as administrator.
#

# Command utilities
# -----------------

# Network Utilities

# Show ip information
ipconfig /all

# Drop / reassing ip
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew

# Get interfaces with netsh.
# This tool offers a broader range of capabilities than ipconfig
netsh interface show interface

# List ports
netstat -af

# Filesystem utilities

# Check and repair issues in /f disk and /r sectors
chkdsk /f
chkdsk /r

# Repair corrupted filesystem files
sfc /scannnow

# Format a drive
format [drive letter]: /fs:[file system] /q

# Manage, create and delete disk partitions
diskpart

# Encrypt all files in current folder
cipher /E

# Robust file copy, better than simple copy
robocopy source dest /E

# General utilities

# Get info about the system
systeminfo

# Find a substring
findstr

# Copy to clipboard
clip

# Get a report on power consumption
powercfg /energy
powercfg /batteryreport

# List and kill processes
tasklist
taskkill

# Reboot to bios
shutdown /r /fw /f /t 0

# Get the windows version
winver

# Powershell examples
# -------------------

# Install latest Powershell (the one that is pre-installed is very old)
winget install --id Microsoft.PowerShell --source winget

# Update the help documentation
Update-Help -Verbose -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

# Get all processes, print their members
Get-Process | Get-Member

# Format objects
dir | Format-List
dir | Format-Table

# Get the number of objects
Get-Process | Measure

# Where filters the objects that meet a condition
dir | Where { $_.Extension -eq '.json' }

Get-Process | Where { $_.CPU -ge 10 } | Sort { $_.id }

# Get just the name of the directories
ls | ForEach { $_.Name }

# Get all processes with an ID above 4000, and work out the average CPU time
Get-Process | Where { $_.Id -ge 4000 } | ForEach { $_.CPU } | Measure -Average

# Get the drives
Get-PSDrive

# Get the commands using a filter
Get-Command | Where { $_.Name -like '*process*' }
# in this case, Get-Command already accepts a wildcard as argument
Get-Command *process*

# Windows sandbox
# ---------------

# Windows Sandbox is a lightweight, isolated desktop
# environment that allows users to safely run applications
# without affecting their main operating system.
#
# To enable Windows Sandbox, you need to open "Turn
# Windows features off and off" and enable it, then
# restart the machie.
#
# Sandboxes are defines as a XML file, for example the
# following creates an isolated sandbox that can access
# the Download folder in read only mode, and it runs
# the explorer when it starts:
#
# <Configuration>
#   <VGpu>Disable</VGpu>
#   <Networking>Disable</Networking>
#   <MappedFolders>
#     <MappedFolder>
#       <HostFolder>C:\Users\Public\Downloads</HostFolder>
#       <SandboxFolder>C:\temp</SandboxFolder>
#       <ReadOnly>true</ReadOnly>
#     </MappedFolder>
#   </MappedFolders>
#   <LogonCommand>
#     <Command>explorer.exe C:\temp</Command>
#   </LogonCommand>
# </Configuration>
#
# To run the sandbox, you need to save the XML as
# a .wsb file and then double click or run `start`
# on it.

# WSL
# ===

# Installing WSL is quite straight forward, just run
#     wsl --install